A  iU.lb'.  on 


U.  S.  G.  8.  ▲.  Form  No.  161 


Issued  August,  1025 


U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture 
Bureau  of  Agricultural  Economics 


Handbook  of 
Official  Grain  Standards 

For  Oats,  Feed  Oats,  Mixed 

Feed  Oats,  and  Grain 

Sorghums 

Tabulated  and  Abridged  Description  of  the  Official 
Grain  Standards  of  the  United  States  as  established 
and  promulgated  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture: 

For  Oats,  as  revised  -  Effective  September  1, 1925 
For  Feed  Oats  -  -  -  Effective  September  1, 1925 
For  Mixed  Feed  Oats,  Effective  September  1, 1925 
For  Grain  Sorghums  -  Effective  December  1, 1924 


(Insert  for  Handbook  U.  S.  G.  S.  A.  Form  No.  90, 
which  contains  a  tabulated  and  abridged  description 
of  the  official  grain  standards  of  the  United  States 
for  wheat,  shelled  corn,  and  rye.) 


*"*•  Washington- 

Government  Printing  Office 
1925 


U.S.  DEPOSITORY 


CONTENTS 

Page 

Oats 3 

Feed  oats 8 

Mixed  feed  oats 12 

Grain  sorghums 16 


(2) 


OATS  STANDARDS 

For  the  purpose  of  official  grain  standards 
of  the  United  States  for  oats: 

Oats. — Oats  shall  be  any  grain  which  con- 
sists of  80  per  cent  or  more  of  cultivated  oats 
and  not  more  than  10  per  cent  of  foreign 
material. 

Color  classification. — All  oats  shall  be  des- 
ignated as  white,  red,  gray,  black,  or  mixed, 
according  to  the  color  of  the  oats,  as  the  case 
may  be.  For  the  purposes  of  this  classifica- 
tion white  oats  includes  yellow  oats.  Oats 
shall  be  white,  red,  gray,  or  black,  respec- 
tively, when  they  consist  of  oats  of  such  color 
and  not  more  than  10  per  cent  of  other  colors 
of  cultivated  and  wild  oats,  either  singly  or 
in  any  combination.  Mixed  oats  shall  be  all 
other  oats. 

Grades. — All  oats  shall  be  graded  and  des- 
ignated as  No.  1,  No.  2,  No.  3,  No.  4,  or 
Sample  Grade,  white,  red,  gray,  black,  or 
mixed,  as  the  case  may  be,  according  to  the 
respective  requirements  thereof  as  specified  in 
these  standards,  except  that  in  the  case  of 
mixed  oats  the  requirements  as  to  the  maxi- 
mum percentages  of  other  colors  shall  be  dis- 
regarded. 


(3) 


OATS 

Grade  requirements  for  white,  red,  gray,  black, 
and  mixed  oats 


Grade 

Condition  and 

general 
appearance  1 

© 

'© 

S3 

§ 

3 

4» 

O 

a 

CO 

i 

°  i 
*  a 

II 

'£>  co 

3S 

©^ 
'O 

a 

3 
O 

m 

00 

O  co 

03  . 

II 

H 

3 

© 
03 

a 

a 
"© 

o 

CO 

"o3 
O 

.Jh    CO 

~"o3 

©  a 

03 

©d 

Not  to  exceed— 

1» 

2 

3. 

Shall  be  cool  and 
sweet,   and  of 
good  color 

Shall  be  cool  and 
sweet,  and  may 
be  slightly 
stained 

Shall  be  cool  and 
sweet,  and  may 
be  stained   or 
slightly  weath- 
ered  

Lbs. 
32 

29 
26 

23 

d,  gra 
hdoi 
the  g 
ichha 
odor, 
distir 

P.ct. 
98 

95 
90 

80 

y,  big 

lOt  CO 

rades 
vean 
or  are 
ictly  1 

P.ct. 
0.1 

.3 
1.0 

6.0 

ick,  o 
mewi 

from 
ycon 

heat 
ow  qi 

P.ct. 
2 

2 
3 

5 

r  mix 
thint 
No. 
imerc 
ng,  h 
lality 

P.ct. 
2 

3 

5 

10 

id  oat 
herec 
1  to> 
iallyc 
ot,  so 

P.ct. 
»2 

«5 

10 

4 

Sample 
grade. 

Shall  be  cool,  and 
may  be  musty, 
weathered, 
or       badly 
stained.. 

Shall  be  white,  re 
spectively,  whic 
ments  of  any  of 
inclusive,  or  wh 
tionable  foreign 
are  otherwise  of 

10 

s,  re- 
tuire- 
Jo.  4, 
>bjec- 
nr,  or 

1  The  percentage  of  moisture  in  grades  Nos.  1,  2,   and  3 
shall  not  exceed  14H,  and  in  grade  No.  4  shall  not  exceed  16. 

2  In  the  case  of  white  oats,  No.  1  shall  be  cool  and  sweet 
and  of  good  white  or  creamy  white  color. 

3  Four  per  cent  of  other  colors  allowed  in  No.  1  red,  gray, 
or  black  oats.    This  column  does  not  apply  to  mixed  oats. 

4  Ten  per  cent  of  other  colors  allowed  in  No.  2  red,  gray, 
or  black  oats. 


(4) 


GRADES  FOR  BLEACHED,  AND  WEEVILY 
OATS 

BLEACHED  OATS 

Bleached  oats. — Bleached  oats  shall  be  oats 
which,  in  whole  or  in  part,  have  been  treated 
by  the  use  of  sulphurous  acid  or  other  bleach- 
ing chemicals. 

Grades  for  bleached  oats. — Bleached  oats 
shall  be  graded  and  designated  according  to 
the  grade  requirements  of  the  standards 
applicable  to  such  oats  if  they  were  not 
bleached,  and  there  shall  be  added  to,  and 
made  a  part  of,  such  grade  designation  the 
word  " Bleached." 

WEEVILY  OATS 

Weevily  oats. — Weevily  oats  shall  be  all 
oats  which  are  infested  with  live  weevils  or 
other  insects  injurious  to  stored  grain. 

Grades  for  weevily  oats. — Weevily  oats 
shall  be  graded  and  designated  according  to 
the  grade  requirements  of  the  standards 
applicable  to  such  oats  if  they  were  not 
weevily,  and  there  shall  be  added  to,  and  made 
a  part  of,  the  grade  designation  the  word 
"Weevily." 


(5) 


DEFINITIONS 

Basis  of  determinations. — All  determina- 
tions shall  be  upon  the  basis  of  the  lot  of  grain 
as  a  whole,  including  foreign  material,  other 
grains,  and  wild  oats. 

Percentages. — Percentages,  except  in  the 
case  of  moisture,  shall  be  percentages  ascer- 
tained by  weight. 

Percentage  of  moisture. — Percentage  of 
moisture  in  oats  shall  be  ascertained  by  the 
moisture  tester  and  the  method  of  use  thereof 
described  in  Circular  No.  72,  and  supplement 
thereto,  issued  by  the  United  States  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture,  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry, 
except  that  the  graduated  measuring  cylinder 
used  shall  be  that  described  in  Department  of 
Agriculture  Bulletin  No.  56;  or  such  percent- 
age shall  be  ascertained  by  any  device  and 
method  giving  equivalent  results. 

Test  weight  per  bushel. — Test  weight  per 
bushel  shall  be  the  test  weight  per  Winchester 
bushel  as  determined  by  the  testing  apparatus 
and  the  method  of  use  thereof  described  in 
Bulletin  No.  472,  dated  October  30,  1916, 
issued  by  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture,  or  as  determined  by  any  device 
and  method  giving  equivalent  results. 

Note.— Under  regulations  pursuant  to  the  United  States 
grain  standards  act,  licensed  inspectors  are  required  to  state 
under  u  Remarks"  in  all  certificates  issued  by  them  for  oats 
unless  issued  for  an  export  shipment,  the  test  weight  per 
bushel  in  terms  of  whole  and  half  pounds.  For  this  purpose  a 
fraction  of  a  pound  when  equal  to  or  greater  than  a  half  shall 
be  treated  as  a  half,  and  when  less  than  a  half  shall  be  dis- 
regarded. 


(6) 


Foreign  material. — Foreign  material  shall 
be  all  matter  other  than  grains  and  pieces  of 
grains  of  cultivated  oats,  except  other  grains 
and  wild  oats,  and  shall  include  oats  clippings. 

Other  grains. — Other  grains  shall  include 
wheat,  corn,  rye,  barley,  emmer,  spelt,  ein- 
korn,  grain  sorghums,  rice,  cultivated  buck- 
wheat, and  flaxseed  only. 

Sound  cultivated  oats. — Sound  cultivated 
oats  shall  be  all  grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of 
cultivated  oats  which  are  not  heat-damaged, 
sprouted,  frosted,  badly  ground  damaged, 
badly  weather  damaged,  or  otherwise  dis- 
tinctly damaged. 

Heat -damaged  grains.  —  Heat -damaged 
grains  shall  be  grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of 
cultivated  oats,  other  grains,  or  wild  oats 
which  have  been  distinctly  discolored  or  dam- 
aged by  external  heat  or  as  a  result  of  heating 
caused  by  fermentation. 


(7) 


FEED  OATS  STANDARDS 

For  the  purpose  of  official  grain  standards 
of  the  United  States  for  feed  oats: 

Feed  oats. — Feed  oats  shall  be  any  grain 
which  consists  of  30  per  cent  or  more  but  less 
than  80  per  cent  of  cultivated  oats;  may  con- 
tain not  more  than  25  per  cent  of  other  grains; 
and  may  contain  not  more  than  10  per  cent 
of  foreign  material,  which  10  per  cent  may 
include  not  more  than  5  per  cent  of  fine  seeds. 
Feed  oats  shall  consist  of  not  less  than  65 
per  cent  of  oats,  which  may  include  wild  oats. 

Grades. — All  feed  oats  shall  be  graded  and 
designated  as  No.  1,  No.  2,  No.  3,  or  Sample 
Grade,  feed  oats,  as  the  case  may  be,  accord- 
ing to  the  respective  requirements  thereof  as 
specified  in  these  standards. 

Bleached  feed  oats. — Bleached  feed  oats 
shall  be  feed  oats  which  in  whole  or  in  part 
have  been  treated  by  the  use  of  sulphurous 
acid  or  other  bleaching  chemicals. 

Bleached  feed  oats  shall  be  graded  and  des- 
ignated according  to  the  grade  requirements 
of  the  standards  applicable  to  such  feed  oats 
if  they  were  not  bleached,  and  there  shall  be 
added  to  and  made  a  part  of  the  grade  desig- 
nation the  word  "  Bleached." 


(8) 


FEED   OATS 
Grade  requirements  for  feed  oats 


General  appearance  J 


03  e3 

c3  03 

o  o 

w 


Foreign 
material 


Not  to  exceed— 


Ret. 


l._ 

2. 

3. 

Sample 
grade. 


Rct.lRct. 


30 


P.ct. 


Lbs. 
May    be    slightly  I 
stained 32 

May  be  stained 29 

May  be  badly  stained  I 
or  weathered |    26 

Sample  grade  feed  oats  shall  be  feed  oats  which  do 
not  come  within  the  requirements  of  any  of  the 
grades  from  No.  1  to  No.  3,  inclusive,  or  which 
have  any  commercially  objectionable  foreign 
odor,  or  are  musty,  sour,  heating,  hot,  or  are 
otherwise  of  distinctly  low  quality. 


i  The  percentage  of  moisture  in  grades  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3  shall 
not  exceed  14.5. 

2  The  feed  oats  in  grades  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3,  shall  be  cool, 
sweet,  and  commercially  sound. 

54860°—  25f 2 


(9) 


Weevily  feed  oats. — Weevily  feed  oats  shall 
be  all  feed  oats  which  are  infested  with  live 
weevils  or  other  insects  injurious  to  stored 
grain. 

Weevily  feed  oats  shall  be  graded  and  des- 
ignated according  to  the  grade  requirements 
of  the  standards  applicable  to  such  feed  oats 
if  they  were  not  weevily,  and  there  shall  be 
added  to  and  made  a  part  of  the  grade  desig- 
nation the  word  "  Weevily." 

Basis  of  determinations. — All  determina- 
tions shall  be  upon  the  basis  of  the  lot  of 
grain  as  a  whole,  including  foreign  material, 
other  grains,  and  wild  oats. 

Percentages. — Percentages,  except  in  the 
case  of  moisture,  shall  be  percentages  ascer- 
tained by  weight. 

Percentage  of  moisture. — Percentage  of 
moisture  in  feed  oats  shall  be  ascertained  by 
the  moisture  tester  and  the  method  of  use 
thereof  described  in  Circular  No.  72,  and  sup- 
plement thereto,  issued  by  the  United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture,  Bureau  of  Plant 
Industry,  except  that  the  graduated  measur- 
ing cylinder  used  shall  be  that  described  in 
Department  of  Agriculture  Bulletin  No.  56; 
or  such  percentage  shall  be  ascertained  by  any 
device  and  method  giving  equivalent  results. 


(10) 


Test  weight  per  bushel. — Test  weight  per 
bushel  shall  be  the  weight  per  Winchester 
bushel  as  determined  by  the  resting  apparatus 
and  the  method  of  use  thereof  described  in 
Bulletin  No.  472,  dated  October  30,  1916, 
issued  by  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture,  or  as  determined  by  any  device 
and  method  giving  equivalent  results. 

Note.— Under  regulations  pursuant  to  the  United  States 
grain  standards  act,  licensed  inspectors  are  required  to 
state  under  "Remarks,"  in  all  certificates  issued  by  them 
for  feed  oats,  unless  issued  for  an  export  shipment,  the 
test  weight  per  bushel  in  terms  of  whole  and  half  pounds. 
For  this  purpose  a  fraction  of  a  pound  when  equal  to  or 
greater  than  a  half  shall  be  treated  as  a  half,  and  when  less 
than  a  half  shall  be  disregarded. 

Foreign  material. — Foreign  material  shall 
be  all  matter  other  than  grains  and  pieces  of 
grains  of  cultivated  oats,  except  other  grains 
and  wild  oats,  and  shall  include  oat  clippings. 

Other  grains. — Other  grains  shall  include 
wheat,  corn,  rye,  barley,  emmer,  spelt,  ein- 
korn,  grain  sorghums,  and  cultivated  buck- 
wheat. 

Heat  -  damaged  grains. — Heat  -  damaged 
grains  shall  be  grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of 
cultivated  oats,  wild  oats,  or  other  grains, 
which  have  been  distinctly  discolored  or 
damaged  by  external  heat  or  as  a  result  of 
heating  caused  by  fermentation. 


(11) 


MIXED  FEED  OATS 
STANDARDS 

For  the  purpose  of  official  grain  standards 
of  the  United  States  for  mixed  feed  oats: 

Mixed  feed  oats. — Mixed  feed  oats  shall  be 
any  grain  which  consists  of  less  than  30  per 
cent  of  cultivated  oats  but  not  less  than  65 
per  cent  of  cultivated  and  wild  oats  com- 
bined; may  contain  not  more  than  25  per 
cent  of  other  grains;  and  may  contain  not 
more  than  10  per  cent  of  foreign  material 
which  10  per  cent  may  include  not  more 
than  5  per  cent  of  fine  seeds. 

Grades. — All  mixed  feed  oats  shall  be 
graded  and  designated  as  No.  1,  No.  2,  No. 
3,  or  Sample  Grade,  mixed  feed  oats,  as  the 
case  may  be,  according  to  the  respective 
requirements  thereof  as  specified  in  these 
standards. 

Bleached  mixed  feed  oats. — Bleached  mixed 
feed  oats  shall  be  mixed  feed  oats  which  in 
whole  or  in  part  have  been  treated  by  the 
use  of  sulphurous  acid  or  other  bleaching 
chemicals. 

Bleached  mixed  feed  oats  shall  be  graded 
and  designated  according  to  the  grade  re- 
quirements of  the  standards  applicable  to 
such  mixed  feed  oats  if  they  were  not  bleached, 
and  there  shall  be  added  to,  and  made  a 
part  of,  the  grade  designation  the  word 
"  Bleached." 


(12) 


MIXED  FEED  OATS 
Grade  requirements  for  mixed  feed  oats 


Grade 
N0.1 


General  appearance 2 


*2 

be  O 

S  a 

03  09 

T3    - 


Foreign 
material 


Not  to  exceed— 


1 

2. 

3.- 

Sample 
grade. 


Lbs. 
32 
29 
26 


P.ct 
2 
4 


P.ct 

5 
7 
10 


P.d. 
2 
3 

4 


May  be  slightly  stained 

May  be  stained 

May  be  badly  stained  or 
weathered. 

Sample  grade  mixed  feed  oats  shall  be  mixed  feed 
oats  which  do  not  come  within  the  requirements 
of  any  of  the  grades  from  No.  1  to  No.  3,  inclusive, 
or  which  have  any  commercially  objectionable 
foreign  odor  or  are  musty,  sour,  heating,  hot,  or 
are  otherwise  distinctly  low  quality. 


1  The  percentage  of  moisture  in  grades  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3  shall 
not  exceed  14.5. 

2  The  mixed  feed  oats  in  grades  Nos.  1,  %  and  3  shall  be  cool, 
sweet,  and  commercially  sound. 


(13) 


Weevily  mixed  feed  oats. — Weevily  mixed 
feed  oats  shall  be  all  mixed  feed  oats  which 
are  infested  with  live  weevils  or  other  insects 
injurious  to  stored  grain. 

Weevily  mixed  feed  oats  shall  be  graded 
and  designated  according  to  the  grade  re- 
quirements of  the  standards  applicable  to 
such  mixed  feed  oats  if  they  were  not  weevily 
and  there  shall  be  added  to,  and  made  a 
part  of,  the  grade  designation  the  word 
"Weevily." 

Basis  of  determinations. — All  determina- 
tions shall  be  upon  the  basis  of  the  lot  of  grain 
as  a  whole,  including  foreign  material,  other 
grains,  and  wild  oats. 

Percentages. — Percentages,  except  in  the 
case  of  moisture,  shall  be  percentages  ascer- 
tained by  weight. 

Percentage  of  moisture. — Percentage  of 
moisture  in  mixed  feed  oats  shall  be  ascer- 
tained by  the  moisture  tester  and  the  method 
of  use  thereof  described  in  Circular  No.  72, 
and  supplement  thereto,  issued  by  the  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture,  Bureau  of 
Plant  Industry,  except  that  the  graduated 
measuring  cylinder  used  shall  be  that  de- 
scribed in  Department  of  Agriculture  Bulletin 
No.  56;  or  such  percentage  shall  be  ascertained 
by  any  device  and  method  giving  equivalent 
results. 


; 


(14) 


Test  weight  per  bushel. — Test  weight  per 
bushel  shall  be  the  test  weight  per  Winchester 
bushel  as  determined  by  the  testing  apparatus 
and  the  method  of  use  thereof  described  in 
Bulletin  No.  472,  dated  October  30,  1916, 
issued  by  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture,  or  as  determined  by  any  device 
and  method  giving  equivalent  results. 

Note. — Under  regulations  pursuant  to  the  United  States 
grain  standards  act,  licensed  inspectors  are  required  to  state 
under  "Remarks"  in  all  certificates  issued  by  them  for 
mixed  feed  oats,  unless  issued  for  an  export  shipment,  the 
test  weight  per  bushel  in  terms  of  whole  and  half  pounds. 
For  this  purpose  a  fraction  of  a  pound  when  equal  to  or 
greater  than  a  half  shall  be  treated  as  a  half,  and  when  less 
than  a  half  shall  be  disregarded. 

Foreign  material. — Foreign  material  shall 
be  all  matter  other  than  grains  and  pieces  of 
grains  of  cultivated  oats,  except  other  grains 
and  wild  oats,  and  shall  include  oat  clippings. 

Other  grains. — Other  grains  shall  include 
wheat,  corn,  rye,  barley,  emmer,  spelt, 
einkorn,  grain  sorghums,  and  cultivated  buck- 
wheat. 

Heat  -  damaged  grains. — Heat  -  damaged 
grains  shall  be  grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of 
cultivated  oats,  wild  oats,  or  other  grains, 
which  have  been  distinctly  discolored  or 
damaged  by  external  heat  or  as  a  result  of 
heating  caused   by  fermentation. 


(15) 


GRAIN    SORGHUMS    STAND- 
ARDS 

For  the  purpose  of  official  grain  standards 
of  the  United  States  for  grain  sorghums: 

Grain  sorghums. — Grain  sorghums  shall 
be  any  grain  which  consists  of  kafir,  milo, 
durra,  feterita,  darso,  freed  sorgo,  kaoliang, 
schrock  kafir,  and  shallu,  and  any  hybrids 
between  these  classes,  and  not  more  than  35 
per  cent  of  nongrain  sorghums,  other  cereal 
grains,  and  "foreign  material  and  cracked 
kernels,"  as  defined  in  these  standards, 
either  singly   or  in  any   combination. 

Grades. — The  subclasses  white  kafir,  kafir, 
yellow  milo,  milo,  white  durra,  and  durra,  and 
the  classes  feterita,  darso,  freed  sorgo,  brown 
kaoliang,  schrock  kafir,  shallu  and  mixed 
grain  sorghums  shall  be  divided  into  five 
grades  for  each  subclass  or  class,  as  the  case 
may  be,  according  to  the  respective  require- 
ments thereof  as  specified  in  these  standards, 
except  that  in  the  case  of  mixed  grain  sor- 
ghums the  requirements  as  to  the  maximum 
percentages  of  other  classes  or  other  colors 
shall  be  disregarded. 


(16) 


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(17) 


CLASSES  AND   SUBCLASSES   OF   GRAIN 
SORGHUMS 

Grain  sorghums  shall  be  divided  into  classes 
and  subclasses  as  follows: 

Class  I.  Kafir. — This  class  shall  include 
all  varieties  of  kafir  and  hegari,  except 
schrock  kafir,  and  may  include  not  more  than 
10  per  cent  of  other  grain  sorghums.  This 
class  shall  be  divided  into  two  subclasses,  as 
follows: 

White  kafir. — This  subclass  shall  include 
all  kafir  and  hegari,  except  schrock  kafir,  con- 
sisting of  90  per  cent  or  more  of  white  kernels, 
including  other  classes  and  nongrain  sor- 
ghums. Red  spots  or  other  natural  coloring 
upon  kernels  otherwise  white  shall  not 
affect  their  classification  as  white  kafir. 

Kafir. — This  subclass  shall  include  all 
kafir  and  hegari,  except  schrock  kafir,  not 
coming  within  the  classification  for  white 
kafir. 

Class  II.  Milo. — This  class  shall  include 
all  varieties  of  milo,  and  may  include  not 
more  than  10  per  cent  of  other  grain  sor- 
ghums. This  class  shall  be  divided  into  two 
subclasses,  as  follows: 

Yellow  milo. — This  subclass  shall  include 
all  milo  consisting  of  90  per  cent  or  more  of 
yellow  kernels,  including  other  classes  and 
nongrain  sorghums. 

Milo. — This  subclass  shall  include  all  milo 
not  coming  within  the  classification  for  yel- 
low milo. 


(18) 


Class  III.  Durra. — This  class  shall  include 
all  varieties  of  durra,  and  may  include  not 
more  than  10  per  cent  of  other  grain  sor- 
ghums. This  class  shall  be  divided  into  two 
subclasses,  as  follows: 

White  durra. — This  subclass  shall  include 
all  durra  consisting  of  90  per  cent  or  more 
of  white  kernels,  including  other  classes  and 
nongrain  sorghums.  Red  spots  or  natural 
coloring  upon  kernels  otherwise  white  shall 
not  affect  their  classification  as  white  durra. 

Durra. — This  subclass  shall  include  all 
durra  not  coming  within  the  classification  for 
white  durra. 

Class  IV.  Feterita. — This  class  shall  in- 
clude all  varieties  of  white  feterita,  and  may 
include  not  more  than  10  per  cent  of  other 
grain  sorghums.  Red  spots  or  natural  color- 
ing upon  kernels  otherwise  white  shall  not 
affect  their  classification  as  white  feterita. 

Class  V.  Darso. — This  class  shall  include 
all  varieties  of  darso  and  may  include  not 
more  than  10  per  cent  of  other  grain  sorghums. 

Class  VI.  Freed  Sorgo. — This  class  shall 
include  all  varieties  of  freed  sorgo  and  may 
include  not  more  than  10  per  cent  of  other 
grain  sorghums. 

Class  VII.  Brown  Kaoliang. — This  class 
shall  include  all  varieties  of  brown  kaoliang 
and  may  include  not  more  than  10  per  cent 
of  other  grain  sorghums. 

Class  VIII.  Schrock  Kafir. — This  class  shall 
include  all  varieties  of  schrock  kafir  and  may 
include  not  more  than  10  per  cent  of  other 
grain  sorghums. 

(19) 


Glass  IX.  Shallu. — This  class  shall  include 
all  varieties  of  shallu  and  may  include  not 
more  than  10  per  cent  of  other  grain  sorghums. 

Note.— Any  grain  sorghum  or  grain-sorghum  hybrid 
not  mentioned  in  classes  I  to  IX,  inclusive,  shall  be  included 
in  the  class  which  it  most  nearly  resembles. 

Mixed  grain  sorghums. — Mixed  grain  sor- 
ghums shall  be  any  mixture  of  grain  sorghums 
not  provided  for  in  the  classes  I  to  IX,  inclu- 
sive. 

Mixed  grain  sorghums  shall  be  graded  ac- 
cording to  each  of  the  grade  requirements 
common  to  the  class  of  the  grain  sorghums 
which  predominates  over  each  other  class  in 
the  mixture.  The  grade  designation  of 
"Mixed  grain  sorghums"  shall  include,  suc- 
cessively, the  number  of  the  grade  or  the 
words  "Sample  grade,"  the  word  "Mixed," 
and,  in  the  order  of  its  predominance,  the 
name  and  approximate  percentage  of  each  of 
at  least  two  classes. 

Weevily  grain  sorghums. — Weevily  grain 
sorghums  shall  be  grain  sorghums  which  are 
infested  with  live  weevils  or  other  insects 
injurious  to  stored  grain. 

Weevily  grain  sorghums  shall  be  graded 
and  designated  according  to  the  grade  require- 
ments of  the  grade  applicable  to  such  grain 
sorghums  if  they  were  not  weevily,  and  there 
shall  be  added  to  and  made  a  part  of  the 
grade  designation  the  word  "weevily." 

Smutty  grain  sorghums. — Smutty  grain 
sorghums  shall  be  all  grain  sorghums  which 
have  an  unmistakable  odor  of  smut  or  which 
contain  smut  masses. 

(20) 


Smutty  grain  sorghums  shall  be  graded  and 
designated  according  to  the  grade  require- 
ments of  the  grade  applicable  to  such  grain 
sorghums  if  they  were  not  smutty,  and  there 
shall  be  added  to  and  made  a  part  of  the 
grade  designation  the  word  " smutty." 

DEFINITIONS 

Basis  of  determinations. — Each  determi- 
nation of  general  appearance,  temperature, 
odor,  smut,  moisture,  test  weight  per  bushel, 
"foreign  material  and  cracked  kernels, " 
"sand,  dirt,  and  finely  broken  kernels,"  and 
insects  injurious  to  stored  grain  shall  be  upon 
the  basis  of  the  lot  of  grain  as  a  whole,  and 
all  other  determinations  shall  be  on  the 
basis  of  the  grain  when  free  from  foreign  ma- 
terial and  cracked  kernels. 

Percentages. — Percentages,  except  in  the 
case  of  moisture,  shall  be  percentages  ascer- 
tained by  weight. 

Percentage  of  moisture. — Percentage  of 
moisture  in  grain  sorghums  shall  be  that  ascer- 
tained by  the  moisture  tester  and  the  method 
of  use  thereof  for  kafir,  as  described  in  Cir- 
cular 72,  and  supplement  thereto,  issued  by 
the  United  States  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture, Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  or  ascer- 
tained by  any  device  and  method  giving 
equivalent  results. 

Test  weight  per  bushel. — The  test  weight 
per  bushel  shall  be  the  test  weight  per  Win- 
chester bushel,  as  determined  by  the  testing 


(21) 


apparatus  and  the  method  of  use  thereof  as 
described  in  Bulletin  472,  dated  October  30, 
1916,  issued  by  the  United  States  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture,  or  as  determined  by 
any  device  and  method  giving  equivalent 
results. 

Other  grains. — Other  grains  shall  include 
wheat,  nongrain  sorghums,  corn,  oats,  bar- 
ley, rye,  emmer,  spelt,  einkorn,  rice,  culti- 
vated buckwheat,  and  flaxseed  only. 

Nongrain  sorghums. — Nongrain  sorghums 
shall  include  the  grain  of  sorgo  (commonly 
called  "cane  seed"),  broomcorn,  Sudan  grass, 
and  Johnson  grass,  and  hybrids  between  any 
combination  of  the  groups  of  the  nongrain 
sorghums. 

Foreign  material  and  cracked  kernels. — 
Foreign  material  and  cracked  kernels  shall  be 
grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of  grain  sorghums, 
and  all  matter  other  than  grain  sorghums 
which  will  pass  through  a  No.  8  sieve,  and 
all  foreign  material,  except  other  grains, 
remaining  on  such  sieve  after  screening. 

Sand,  dirt,  and  finely  broken  kernels. — 
Sand,  dirt,  and  finely  broken  kernels  shall  be 
finely  broken  kernels,  sand,  and  all  other 
material  which  will  pass  through  a  No.  2J^ 
sieve  and  all  inert  matter  remaining  on  either 
the  No.  234  or  No.  8  sieve  after  screening. 

(a)  No.  2J^  sieve. — A  metal  sieve  perfo- 
rated with  round  holes  2J^  sixty-fourths  of  an 
inch  in  diameter. 


(22) 


(b)  No.  8  sieve. — A  metal  sieve  perforated 
with  triangular  perforations  8  sixty-fourths 
of  an  inch  long  on  each  side  of  perforation. 

Damaged  kernels. — Damaged  kernels  shall 
be  all  grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of  grain 
sorghums  which  are  heat-damaged,  sprouted, 
frosted,  badly  ground-damaged,  moldy,  or 
otherwise  distinctly  damaged. 

Heat-damaged  kernels.  —  Heat-damaged 
kernels  shall  be  grains  and  pieces  of  grains  of 
grain  sorghums  or  other  grains  which  have 
been  distinctly  discolored  or  damaged  by 
external  heat  or  as  a  result  of  heating  caused 
by  fermentation. 


ADDITIONAL  COPIES 

OF  THIS  PUBLICATION  MAY  BE  PROCURED  FROM 

THE  SUPERINTENDENT  OF  DOCUMENTS 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

AT 

5  CENTS  PER  COPY 


(23) 


UNIVERSITY  OF  FLORIDA 


3  1262  08923  4743 


